Dip your toes in the water with our swimming and water safety tips
Whether taking a dip in a pool or the ocean, adults and kids alike should play it safe.
游泳是一项很好的活动. Not only are t在这里 lots of physical benefits, it's also something the whole family can enjoy. 但就像生活中的许多事情一样，它也伴随着风险.
溺水——根据 疾病控制和预防中心 — is the second leading cause of unintentional injury death for children ages 1 to 14 years, 也是所有年龄段人群的第五大病因. So water safety should be a concern no matter w在这里 you and your family swim.
一般水上安全
- 让孩子在很小的时候上游泳课. 溺水的风险是 降幅高达88% 1至4岁的孩子上游泳课. 成年人也可以从进修课程中受益. Many cities have swimming lessons available through local parks and recreation programs as well as gyms with pools. 你也可以向红十字会查询 报名参加你所在地区的游泳班.
- 学习心肺复苏术. 知道 如何进行心肺复苏术 可能意味着生与死的区别. 向红十字会查询一下 注册你所在地区的心肺复苏术课程.
- 只使用U.S. 海岸警卫队批准的救生衣. 年轻和没有经验的游泳者可能需要使用救生衣. 不要使用任何充气或泡沫玩具. 它们不是为了保证游泳者的安全而设计的.
- 孩子们应该经常有人监督. 不管你是在后院, 公共游泳池或海滩上的公共游泳池, 确保有一个负责任的, 儿童游泳时指定专人看守. 忽略你的手机 — it can take five seconds for a child to be submerged and 25 seconds to drown.
- 和朋友一起游泳. 这是所有年龄段游泳者的最佳练习，包括成年人.
- 避免饮酒. It impairs your judgment, balance, coordination and your body's ability to stay warm. 游泳和看管儿童时避免使用.
- 不换气过度. Swimmers should avoid hyperventilating — breathing faster and/or deeper — before swimming underwater or trying to hold their breath for long periods of time. 这可能会导致他们昏倒和淹死. 游泳时最好放松，呼吸正常.
- 脚先入水. Serious injuries — including paralysis — can occur from diving head first into unknown water and hitting the bottom. Enter headfirst only when the area is clearly marked for diving and has no obstructions.
- 下水前先测水温. Jumping into cold water can shock your body and elevate your heart rate and blood pressure, 同时让你的肌肉慢下来, 使游泳变得困难.
- 手边有电话. No matter w在这里 you are swimming, the ability to call 911 in an emergency could be a lifesaver.
游泳池
- 用适当的屏障保护. It's best to install a four-foot or taller fence around backyard pools and use self-closing and self-latching gates that open away from the pool.
- 考虑安全警报. 如果你的房子正对着泳池, 您可能需要安装门报警器或自闭门. Using a surface wave or underwater alarm will also give you added protection from accidental falls into the pool.
- 如果孩子不见了，一定要先检查游泳池. If a child has fallen into the pool, every second counts in preventing an accidental drowning.
- 不使用时清空便携式水池. 孩子们只要一英寸深的水就会淹死. Make sure all portable inflatable and baby pools are drained and put away immediately after use.
- 不使用时，将玩具从泳池中取出. 他们可以吸引小孩子到游泳池里去. 最好把它们放在看不见的地方.
- 随身携带一个安全工具箱. 一个急救箱，包括一把剪头发的剪刀, clothing or a pool cover should be kept within reach in case of an emergency. 生活saving equipment such life rings and reaching poles are also recommended.
- 远离泳池排水沟. Limbs, hair or clothing can become entangled if a drain is faulty. If you suspect they may not be functioning properly, ask your pool service provider to inspect them. Pool safety有详细的信息 防止排水管堵塞.
- 遵守张贴的安全规则. 这些通常包括不跑，推或扣篮.
海洋、湖泊和河流
- 在救生员附近游泳. It's estimated that the chance of drowning at a beach protected by trained lifeguards is 每年不到1千8百万分之一. 生活guards can also advise you on the safest place to swim and what areas to avoid. If t在这里's no lifeguard on duty, pack your own flotation device for emergencies.
- 呆在指定的游泳区域内. They are usually marked by ropes or buoys and are more likely to be free of weeds, 水下地形多岩等危险.
- 小心离岸流. 他们很强大, channeled currents of water flowing away from shore that can occur at any beach with breaking waves, 包括五大湖. 美国救生协会有一个全面的 离岸流生存指南.
- 不要在被污染的水中游泳. Pay attention to warning flags or alerts about contaminated water. 天然水体不像水池那样经过化学处理, 所以传播细菌的风险更高. Don't drink the water, and plug your nose when your head is submerged. Never swim while sick or with an open cut, and always shower after swimming. And if you're unsure whether water is clean enough to swim in, it's best to not get in.
- 了解自己的极限. 在开放水域游泳和在游泳池游泳有很大的不同. Cold water, currents and other dangerous conditions can challenge even the strongest swimmers. 如果你不确定自己的极限, you may want to start out slowly and not venture too far from shore.
小心行事
采取常识性的预防措施，避免事故和伤害. 你应该:
- 靠近陆地 在指定的游泳区域游泳.
- 走进陌生的水 -不要潜水. 岩石和其他危险可能就在地表之下.
- 坚持穿救生衣 如果你或你身边的人游泳能力较弱.
- 查看天气. 天气预报说会有闪电时，千万不要游泳.
- 休息一下 如果你开始感到冷、累或饿.
知道如何回应
准备好对这些紧急情况作出迅速反应:
- 无意识的游泳运动员如果你能安全地把受害者弄上岸，动作要快. 开始心肺复苏术并拨打911.
- 体温过低:防止热量进一步散失. 慢慢地使受害者暖和起来，并立即就医.
- 激流: Swim parallel to the shore until you are out of the riptide, then swim back to shore. 如果你累了，就仰面漂浮，踢脚.
当涉及到水和泳池安全时，知识是关键. 从小教育孩子, 让自己随时了解情况, 能带来一生的健康吗, 安全的游泳.
